Europa XXI (2014) vol. 27

Abstract Kampinos National Park (KNP) is adjacentto Poland’s capital city. It covers an area of 38544 ha characterized by high diversity of mainly forest ecosystems, which has a vital influence on the adjacenturbanized areas. The extent of this beneficial impact have not been fully analysed and understood. This paper aims to identify the ecosystem services provided by KNP to the Warsaw agglomeration and suggests methodsof their quantification and economic evaluation. Wider application of ecosystem services concept could provide managers of KNP with a powerful tool which may help raise awareness of the actual value of KNP ecosystemsand improve their protection.

Keywords: Kampinos National Park, ecosystem services, evaluation, urbanized areas

Citation

APA: Deptuła, M. (2014). Ecosystem services of Kampinos National Park for the city of Warsaw. Europa XXI, 27, 19-31. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.2
MLA: Deptuła, Marta. "Ecosystem services of Kampinos National Park for the city of Warsaw". Europa XXI, vol. 27, 2014, pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.2
Chicago: Deptuła, Marta. "Ecosystem services of Kampinos National Park for the city of Warsaw". Europa XXI 27 (2014): 19-31. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.2
Harvard: Deptuła, M. 2014. "Ecosystem services of Kampinos National Park for the city of Warsaw". Europa XXI, vol. 27, pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.2

Abstract Subsidies of the EU funds resulted in major projects and plans. In order to prevent natural disasters, the European Community – among others – introduced the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). Withthe SEA the environmental aspects prevailed in an earlier phase of the planning process. The SEA is mostly new means in the new Member States, hence the planners and stakeholders had to learn to incorporate it into theirpractice. On the other hand, the existing institutional structure of a country influences the planning decision making processes. This paper examines the introduction of and difficulties associated with the SEA in Hungarywhile focusing on institutional settings and integration elements.

Keywords: environmental policy integration (EPI), strategic environmental assessment (SEA), regional development, planning, development policy

Viktor Varju [varju.viktor@krtk.hun-ren.hu]

Citation

APA: Varju, V. (2014). The need for an effective and integrated environmental policy: lessons from Hungary. Europa XXI, 27, 33-46. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.3
MLA: Varju, Viktor. "The need for an effective and integrated environmental policy: lessons from Hungary". Europa XXI, vol. 27, 2014, pp. 33-46. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.3
Chicago: Varju, Viktor. "The need for an effective and integrated environmental policy: lessons from Hungary". Europa XXI 27 (2014): 33-46. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.3
Harvard: Varju, V. 2014. "The need for an effective and integrated environmental policy: lessons from Hungary". Europa XXI, vol. 27, pp. 33-46. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.3

Abstract

The paper analyses the educational infrastructure of Blagoevgrad district, the main characteristics and bureaus of vocational education, the type of training programs and their linkages with the specific expertisedemand of the regional economy and the different communal services. Vocational education is crucial for the formation of knowledge and skills of the workforce and to overcome the gap between the qualitativecharacteristics of labour demand and jobs offered. The study covers the period 2001–2011 - the period when Bulgaria was preparing to join the European Union and when the country became a member of this organization.During that period, several changes in the educational system and the organization and functioning of the labour market occurred.

Keywords: Blagoevgrad district, educational infrastrukture, vocational infrastructure, labour demand and supply in the labour market

Citation

APA: Ravnachka, A. (2014). Educational infrastructure of Blagoevgrad District – A factor of labour demand and supply in the labour market (2001–2011). Europa XXI, 27, 47-59. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.4
MLA: Ravnachka, Aleksandra Lyubenova. "Educational infrastructure of Blagoevgrad District – A factor of labour demand and supply in the labour market (2001–2011)". Europa XXI, vol. 27, 2014, pp. 47-59. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.4
Chicago: Ravnachka, Aleksandra Lyubenova. "Educational infrastructure of Blagoevgrad District – A factor of labour demand and supply in the labour market (2001–2011)". Europa XXI 27 (2014): 47-59. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.4
Harvard: Ravnachka, A. 2014. "Educational infrastructure of Blagoevgrad District – A factor of labour demand and supply in the labour market (2001–2011)". Europa XXI, vol. 27, pp. 47-59. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.4

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to trace accurately the changes in the number and in the location of the Roma ethnic group, which has constituted no more than 2% of the population during the whole history ofBulgaria after The Liberation (1878). In this study, general and regional features of the dynamics of demographic processes and spatial distribution of the Roma in Bulgaria have been followed through and some main trends inthe development of these processes have been established.

Keywords: number of Roma population, demographic development, spatial mobility and spatial location of Roma ethnic group

Citation

APA: Ilieva, N. (2014). The Roma people in Bulgaria – Their number and localization, from the Liberation (1878) until the beginning of the 21st Century. Europa XXI, 27, 61-77. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.5
MLA: Ilieva, Nadezhda Borissova. "The Roma people in Bulgaria – Their number and localization, from the Liberation (1878) until the beginning of the 21st Century". Europa XXI, vol. 27, 2014, pp. 61-77. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.5
Chicago: Ilieva, Nadezhda Borissova. "The Roma people in Bulgaria – Their number and localization, from the Liberation (1878) until the beginning of the 21st Century". Europa XXI 27 (2014): 61-77. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.5
Harvard: Ilieva, N. 2014. "The Roma people in Bulgaria – Their number and localization, from the Liberation (1878) until the beginning of the 21st Century". Europa XXI, vol. 27, pp. 61-77. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.5

Abstract Natural decrease and out-migration are the main processes causing depopulation of rural areas in most of the easternEU countries. The causes of depopulation are varied as well as numerous and might differwithin the same country or even a region. Both internal and international migration play an important role inthepopulation decline in Lithuania, but their relative importance differ from region to region. Depopulationleads to a falling population density and therefore to the shrinkage of social networks, especially in the rural areas. It has broad consequences for the life quality, causes pessimistic attitudes and threatens the futuredevelopment of the sparsely populated areas. There is little hope that the existing demographictrends will change in the nearest future. However, the analysed processes are usually perceived purely negatively, thoughitis not true in somerespects.

Keywords: sparsely populated areas, emigration, depopulation, rural development, Lithuania

Donatas Burneika [donatas.geo@gmail.com], Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology
Rūta Ubarevičienė, Institute of Human Geography and Demography Lithuanian social research center Goštauto 11, LT-01108 Vilnius: Lithuania

Citation

APA: Burneika, D., Daugirdas, V., & Ubarevičienė, R. (2014). Migration as a factor of development of the depopulating areas in East EU countries – The case of Lithuania. Europa XXI, 27, 79-95. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.6
MLA: Burneika, Donatas, et al. "Migration as a factor of development of the depopulating areas in East EU countries – The case of Lithuania". Europa XXI, vol. 27, 2014, pp. 79-95. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.6
Chicago: Burneika, Donatas, Daugirdas, Vidmantas, and Ubarevičienė, Rūta. "Migration as a factor of development of the depopulating areas in East EU countries – The case of Lithuania". Europa XXI 27 (2014): 79-95. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.6
Harvard: Burneika, D., Daugirdas, V., & Ubarevičienė, R. 2014. "Migration as a factor of development of the depopulating areas in East EU countries – The case of Lithuania". Europa XXI, vol. 27, pp. 79-95. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2014.27.6