Bianca Mitrică
Articles
The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side
Europa XXI (2023) vol. 45, pp. 2 | 
Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.2
Abstract
The issue of refugees pertains to the permanent elements of historical reflection on the mass movement of people or the phenomenon of migration. The military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine not only ignited a hot spot on the conflict map of Europe, but also triggered a cascade of events difficult to anticipate. A direct result of the conflict has been the mass exodus of Ukrainians and a promise of temporary protection by the European Union to those fleeing the conflict. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), on August 17, 2023, over 4.2 million Ukrainians crossed into Romania at the crossing points between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova. The Ukrainian crisis offers the opportunity to take a closer look at the governments themselves. The Ukrainian citizens who remained in Romania received help both from the Romanian Government, and from the civil society (i.e., various NGOs, civilians, volunteers); from the first days of the invasion of Ukraine, Romanian society reacted swiftly. The study aims to emphasize the great importance of raising awareness and building solidarity and support in the receiving country in order to counterbalance, alleviate and eliminate the effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis with respect to three main aspects: (1) the reloaded in situ effects, that is, the leading role of existing Romanian and, respectively, Ukrainian ethnic communities on both sides of the border in the prompt organization of humanitarian support for Ukrainian refugees; (2) the repetitive effects on the dynamics, such as the refugee flows and their territorial and time dynamic; (3) the long-term effects, i.e., the need to integrate the refugees in different fields of daily life.
Keywords: measures and actions, policies, Romania, types of cross-border effects, Ukrainian refugees
[nicoleta_damian2002@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Environmental Geography and GIS Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[biancadumitrescu78@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Human Geography and Regional Development Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[rsageata@gmail.com], Institute of Geography Romanian Academy 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă street, Bucharest-2, RO-023993, Bucharest: Romania
[mocanitai@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Human Geography and Regional Development Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
Citation
APA: Damian, N., Mitrică, B., Sageata, R., & Roznoviețchi, I. (2023). The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side. Europa XXI, 45, 2. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.2
MLA: Damian, Nicoleta, et al. "The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side". Europa XXI, vol. 45, 2023, pp. 2. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.2
Chicago: Damian, Nicoleta, Mitrică, Bianca, Sageata, Radu, and Roznoviețchi, Irena. "The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side". Europa XXI 45 (2023): 2. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.2
Harvard: Damian, N., Mitrică, B., Sageata, R., & Roznoviețchi, I. 2023. "The cross-border effects of the Ukrainian refugees’ crisis. Evidence from the Romanian side". Europa XXI, vol. 45, pp. 2. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.2
Europa XXI (2023) vol. 44, pp. 1 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.1
Abstract
Scientific collaboration between Polish and Romanian geographers is based on a very good and long tradition. It was long developed between human and physical geographers alike. The common bilateral projects had in view aspects related to the impact of natural and human process on the planning of mountain and hilly areas, the social-economic transformations in the Romanian and Polish suburban zones, the regional development in Central and Eastern Europe, the socio-economic development of rural areas in Poland and Romania. The last bilateral project on Internal peripheries in Polish and Romanian regions – role of endogenous and exogenous factors in their development processes, coordinated by Prof. Konrad Czapiewski from the Polish side, had as main research findings identifying common solutions serving the practical problems connected with the economic and social development of the internal peripheries in both countries.
Keywords: cooperation, internal peripheries, joint research projects, Poland, Romania
[biancadumitrescu78@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Human Geography and Regional Development Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[inesgrigorescu@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Environmental Geography and GIS Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[persu_mihaela@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Human Geography and Regional Development Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[nicoleta_damian2002@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Environmental Geography and GIS Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
Citation
APA: Mitrică, B., Grigorescu, I., Persu, M., & Damian, N. (2023). Polish-Romanian Joint Research Projects with a Focus on Internal Peripheries in Poland and Romania – Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in Their Development Processes. Europa XXI, 44, 1. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.1
MLA: Mitrică, Bianca, et al. "Polish-Romanian Joint Research Projects with a Focus on Internal Peripheries in Poland and Romania – Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in Their Development Processes". Europa XXI, vol. 44, 2023, pp. 1. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.1
Chicago: Mitrică, Bianca, Grigorescu, Ines, Persu, Mihaela, and Damian, Nicoleta. "Polish-Romanian Joint Research Projects with a Focus on Internal Peripheries in Poland and Romania – Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in Their Development Processes". Europa XXI 44 (2023): 1. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.1
Harvard: Mitrică, B., Grigorescu, I., Persu, M., & Damian, N. 2023. "Polish-Romanian Joint Research Projects with a Focus on Internal Peripheries in Poland and Romania – Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in Their Development Processes". Europa XXI, vol. 44, pp. 1. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.1
Europa XXI (2019) vol. 37, pp. 53-70 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
citation: Mitrică, B., Damian, N., Mocanu, I., & Grigorescu, I. (2019). Exploring the links between out-migration and social development in Romania. A Development Region-based approach. Europa XXI, 37, 53-70. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
Abstract
In-migration into the EU has become an important issue in recent decades, as an important component accounting for population changes in Europe. In contrast, it was after the fall of communism that out-migration grew into a major – but also relatively new – phenomenon affecting Romania. Especially after 2002, in which year Schengen visa requirements were waived, rapid growth in circular migration was encouraged; with a further migratory wave ensuing after 2007, due to free access to the European labour market. Against that background, work detailed in this paper has sought to provide insights into specific features of the process of out-migration, as this relates to social development. Use was made of statistical data available at NUTS 2 (Development Regions) level, as provided by the National Institute of Statistics; as well as various further data and information from both the World Bank and EUROSTAT. To achieve the objective specified above, efforts have been made to select indicators shown to offer a broad and accurate picture of both out-migration (via an out-migration rate indicator) and levels of social developmental (via a Socially Disadvantaged Index). The effects of what mainly proves to be temporary out-migration are very important, as they drive temporary loss of human capital, with Romania appearing in statistics among the main sources of labour-migration flows.
Keywords: Development Regions, disparities, out-migration, Romania, social development
[biancadumitrescu78@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Human Geography and Regional Development Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[nicoleta_damian2002@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Environmental Geography and GIS Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
[mocanitai@yahoo.com •], Institute of Geography Romanian Academy 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă street, Bucharest-2, RO-023993, Bucharest: Romania
[inesgrigorescu@yahoo.com], Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, Environmental Geography and GIS Department 12 Dimitrie Racoviţă Str., Sector 2, RO-023993 Bucharest: Romania
Citation
APA: Mitrică, B., Damian, N., Mocanu, I., & Grigorescu, I. (2019). Exploring the links between out-migration and social development in Romania. A Development Region-based approach. Europa XXI, 37, 53-70. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
MLA: Mitrică, Bianca, et al. "Exploring the links between out-migration and social development in Romania. A Development Region-based approach". Europa XXI, vol. 37, 2019, pp. 53-70. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
Chicago: Mitrică, Bianca, Damian, Nicoleta, Mocanu, Irena, and Grigorescu, Ines. "Exploring the links between out-migration and social development in Romania. A Development Region-based approach". Europa XXI 37 (2019): 53-70. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
Harvard: Mitrică, B., Damian, N., Mocanu, I., & Grigorescu, I. 2019. "Exploring the links between out-migration and social development in Romania. A Development Region-based approach". Europa XXI, vol. 37, pp. 53-70. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2019.37.4
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